ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ°
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΠ½ Β«ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎΒ» ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ β Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ», Π²ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π· ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. ΠΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π·Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π·ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌ, ΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ°Π³Ρ. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ°
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΏ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° β Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ ΠΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π΄ ΠΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π» ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄Π°Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π» Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΡ ΠΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π§Π°ΠΊΠ° Π£ΡΠΏΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°, ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ» ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½, ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π² Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°. Π Π΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π»Π° Π±ΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°Π·Π²Π°Π» Β«ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΒ».
ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π°
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π² 1942 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π² ΠΠΎΡ-ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅. Π Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΠ° Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π» ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΈ Π½Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ°. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ, ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅.
Π‘ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π» ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π΄Π½ΠΎ β Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ Π’ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ Π² 26 Π»Π΅Ρ. Π‘ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Ρ: Π±ΠΎΠΉΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ, Π½Π΅ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ . Π‘ΡΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ» ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ°, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ·Π½ΡΠ²ΡΠΈΠΌ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ².
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π·ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2-Ρ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ°Π³Π°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ Π² 3-ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π² ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ.
Π ΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π» ΠΎΡ Π±ΠΎΠ΅Π² ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π²ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΡ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ½ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π΄Π»Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
ΠΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ: Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Ρ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ, ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ.
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ³Π΅ ΠΡΡΠΈ ΠΠ½Π½ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π²ΠΎΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ. Π 4-ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ·Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ: Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ± Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΠΊ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ. ΠΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ, Π½Π°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Ρ Π±ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ.
Π 2015 Π²ΡΡΠ»Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ β ΠΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΏΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ β ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²Π΅Π» ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΈΠΆΠΊΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅Π²ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΆΠΎΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½. Π ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ·Π½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π°.
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π ΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°Π» Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ°ΡΠ» Π£ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΡ. ΠΠ½ Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π» Π² Π½Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π² Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ° Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅. ΠΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌ. Π£ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π΅ Π·Π½Π°Π», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ», ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π» Π±Ρ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ» Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π» Π±Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ.
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ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π£ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ»Π° Π½Π΅Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ°: ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎ. ΠΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²ΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ½ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π½Π΅ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ²Π°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ Π±ΠΎΡ Ρ Π½ΡΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π£ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ» Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΆΡΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π΄Π°Π».
Π 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ± ΠΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ β ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ Β«ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ 2Β». Π ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², Π² Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ . ΠΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊ Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ, ΠΌΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΠ° ΠΈ Π½Π°Π±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π²ΡΠΉΡΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Ρ ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ. ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ.
Π 1983 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ³ΡΡ Rocky Super Action Boxing Π² ΠΆΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΡΠ»Π° Π² Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, PSP ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ².
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ°
ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅. ΠΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΡ. ΠΠ° Π±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΡ (Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ) ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΡ Β«ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΒ». Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½ Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°.
Π£ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄Π° Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΠ°Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Ρ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ, Π²ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡ Β«ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠΎΠΉΒ». Π Π²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π²Π°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π½Π° Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ β ΠΠΈΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ»Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ° Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡ Π€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΡ. Π§Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π» Π²ΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΡ, Π½ΠΎ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ» ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π² ΡΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ.
Π‘ΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΠ» Β«ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡΡΒ» Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ°, Π° Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π½Π΅ Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π½ΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄ΡΠ±Ρ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ°. Π§Π°ΡΡΡ II
ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π² ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Ρ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΉ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Ρ Β«ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΡΒ» Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π· ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΈΠΌΡ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΠ½ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ Π΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π² 15-ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ³Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΡΠ°ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π·Π°Ρ Π²Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π΄ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π° Π±ΠΎΠΉΡΠ° Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅. ΠΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡΡ Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡ. ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΡ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΄ΡΡ. Π’Π°ΠΊ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ².
Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ 3 ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π΅β¦
Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΌΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ. Β«ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΒ» Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅, Π° Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ, Π²ΡΠ΅ Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°, Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ. Π ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π·Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅. ΠΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ. ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠ΅Ρ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π² Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ΅Π²ΡΡ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΡΠ², Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Ρ. ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ Π²Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠΈΠ»Ρ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΡ, ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°Π² Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Ρ.
ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ ΠΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠΌΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ β Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ³Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΠΎΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΡΠ½Π³ΠΎΠΌ. Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π» Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π·ΠΎΠΉΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³, Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅.
Π 4 ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄, Π²Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ΅Π³Π°Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ, Π±ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π‘Π‘Π‘Π . Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Π΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ»ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. Π ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ» Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅, Π½ΠΎ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ, Π½Π΅ ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°Π» Π² ΡΡΠΈΠΊ. ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΡΡ. Π ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ Β«ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ΡΒ» ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π°Π΄ Β«Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π‘ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡΠ·Π°Β».
ΠΠ°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅
Π ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΡ, Π° Π² 2015 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π²ΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° Β«ΠΡΠΈΠ΄: Π½Π°ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ΅ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ». Π€ΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ½Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ β ΠΠ΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π» ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠ°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡΠ°, Π° ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π²ΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ²: ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ.
Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ»Π°. 35 Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΡΠ½Π΄Π³ΡΠ΅Π½ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΠ» Π΅Ρ Π°ΡΡ Π² Π‘Π¨Π ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ°, Π½ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π»ΠΎΠΉ Π² Π‘ΠΈΠ΄Π½Π΅Π΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ»ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ ΠΠΆΠΎΠ½Ρ β Π²Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ, Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡ Π² Β«ΠΠΎΠ½Π°Π½Π΅-Π Π°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Β» Ρ Π¨Π²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π³Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Β«ΠΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ±ΠΈΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΒ» Ρ ΠΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠΌΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΡΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ½Π΄Π³ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΉΡ, Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°Π» Π½Π° ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ Β«Π‘ΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ 54Β» Π² ΠΡΡ-ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅, Π±ΡΠ» Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈ Π£ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ²Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π» Π² Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ IVΒ».
ΠΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ β ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ. ΠΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π» Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π½Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠΈΠ» ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΊ Π£ΠΎΠ»Π»Π±Π΅ΡΠ³ Π² ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ΅ Β«ΠΠΎΠ΅ΡΒ» β Π΄Π°, Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π»Π΅Π²ΡΠΉ Ρ ΡΠΊ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΡΠ½Π΄Π³ΡΠ΅Π½ Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ½ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ. Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ β Β«ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊΒ». ΠΠ½ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΠ°ΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΡΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π», Π±ΡΠ²Π°Π» Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π· Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π³-ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π½Ρ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅, Π½Π΅ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌ. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, ΠΎΠ½ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ°Π» Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²Π°Π» Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΊΡ ΠΡΠ½ΠΈ Π¨Π΅ΠΉΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ° (Π½ΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» ΠΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ Ρ ΠΠΎΡ Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΠ»ΠΌΡΠΎΠΌ), ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΠΎΡ ΠΎΠΆ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°.
Β«ΠΡ, ΠΌΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°. Π° ΠΎΠ½ Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡ β Π½Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉΡΡ, Π±Π΅ΠΉ! β Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π» ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΡΠ½ΠΈ. β ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΡ, Ρ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ, ΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅. Π ΠΎΠ½ β Π΄Π°Π²Π°ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈ ΠΌΠ½Π΅ ΡΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ. ΠΡ, Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ» ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ°, Π³Π΄Π΅ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ. ΠΠ°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌ. Π ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ»ΡΠ°Π», Ρ ΡΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠ» Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·, Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ°Ρ Π°Π» ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΈ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ»Π΅Π·ΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Β».
Π’Π°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎ Π¨Π΅ΠΉΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π’ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π’ΠΎΡ, ΠΊΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΡΡΠ°Π½ β Π‘Π»Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ», Π½ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Β«ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΒ» ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ° ΠΡΡΠ°Π½Π°.
ΠΠΎ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΌ-ΡΠΎ Π‘ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠ» Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΡΡΡ. ΠΠ½ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π» ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡ Π³ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ·Π΄ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΡΠΆΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ-Π²ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ-ΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Ρ, ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ, Π±Π΅Π·Π·Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π», Π° ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π».
ΠΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² Π΄ΠΆΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡ β ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΠ»ΠΈ Ρ Π§Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ½Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘Π»Π°ΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π» Π·Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΉ (Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π·Π° 3 Π΄Π½Ρ ΠΈ 20 ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ²). Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π», ΡΡΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ» ΠΠ΅ΠΏΠ½Π΅Ρ, Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π» Π² ΡΡΠ΄, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠ΅. ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ ΠΡΠΈΠ΄ Π±ΡΠ» ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Ρ ΠΠ»ΠΈ. ΠΠ° Ρ Π»Π°Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉΠ½Π΅ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π» ΠΠΆΠΎ Π€ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ·Π΅Ρ β ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ½ Π±ΠΈΠ» ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π²Π·Π±Π΅Π³Π°Π» Π½Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΡΠ·Π΅Ρ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ² Π² Π€ΠΈΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π° Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ°. ΠΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ.
ΠΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ β ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π±, ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅Π³Π΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π±ΠΎΠΉΡΠΎΠ², Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΡ , ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ½. Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ» Π΅ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅Π°ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΡΠΎΠ΄Π²Π΅Π΅, ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π». ΠΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΡΠ°Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ» Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ, Π²ΡΠ΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π·Π»ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π΅ΠΌ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΡΠ½Π΄Π³ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΌΠ΅Π» Π²ΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ β ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·Ρ β ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Β«ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΒ». Π₯ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΡΠΆΠ°Ρ β ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ β Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ½. Π§ΡΠΎ-ΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ Π΄ΡΡΠ³Π°, Π±ΠΎΠΉ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌ, ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΡΠ½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΈΠ΄Π°Ρ , ΠΠΆΠ΅ΠΉΠΌΡ ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ ΠΈ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ±ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅. Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Ρ β ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ Β«ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½Π°Β» Π·Π° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ ΡΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊ Π ΠΎΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΠ±Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ», ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠ·Π° Π½Π° Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΈΠ·Π΄ΠΎΡ Π½ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ·ΡΠ²Ρ ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π±Π΅. Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π‘Π»Π°Ρ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠΎ Π΄ΡΡ Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ» Π½Π΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ. ΠΡΠΎΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π» Π±ΡΠ» Π²ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π² ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»Π΅ Π₯ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠΉΠ½Ρ, ΠΏΡΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ³Ρ ΡΠ² Π°Π΅Ρ β ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ.
Π ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ, Ρ ΡΠ΄ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈΒ», Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠΊΠ²ΠΎΠΉ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°Π΄ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ³Π»ΡΠ΄ΡΡ Π½Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΠΎΠΉΡΡ, Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π΅ΡΡ. Π ΠΈΡΠΎΠ³Π΅ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡΠ±ΡΡ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π΅ ΡΡΠΊΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ² Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠ°Π»ΠΎ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° 35 Π»Π΅Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π°Π΄. Π, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ, Π²ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π½Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π²ΡΠ΅Π³Π΄Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠΏΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΎ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠ° Π² 1976-ΠΌ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΡΠΏΠΈΠ» Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅ΠΊ. ΠΠ½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡ Ρ Π½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ β ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ 45 Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π‘Π»Π°ΠΉ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π·ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ IVΒ». ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ β ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΠΉΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ΅. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ. Π Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΈ, Π²ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° β Π½Π΅Ρ.
ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈΠΌ β Π²ΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎ Ρ Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
ΠΠ° ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ°Β», ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΉ 7-ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ, ΠΈ Π³Π΄Π΅ Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ°Π» ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΎ Π’Π°ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ, Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ . Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡΡ, Π° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ. ΠΠ°ΠΊ-ΡΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ Π‘ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ½Π΅, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΡΡ Π±Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΌΡ. Π‘Π»Π°ΠΉ-ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΉ ΠΏ Π΅ Ρ, Π½Π΅ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΡΡΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌ β ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ Π½Π΅ Π²ΡΡΠ±Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ ΠΈ Π² Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ. ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡ. ΠΠ½ Π²Π΅Π΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡ. Π‘Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π² ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Β«Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ VΒ», ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π±ΡΠ» ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π΄ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π’ΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈ-ΠΠ°Π½ΠΎΠΌ, Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΌ Π’ΠΎΠΌΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ½Π°. Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ» Π±Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π΅Ρ.
Π ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Π΅ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Ρ Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡ, ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΎ Π ΠΎΠΊΠΊΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»Π° Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ. ΠΠΎ ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·Ρ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅, Π·Π°ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ»Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎ, Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ , ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠΎ Π‘Π»Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π³ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΌΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°. Π, Π½Π°Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅, Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡ ΠΈ, ΡΠ°Π· Π·Π° ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ Π³Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΅Π² Π±ΠΎΠΊΡΠ° ΠΌΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ.
ΠΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅
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Apollo Creed
Apollo Creed
Biographical Information
Nickname(s)
The King of Sting
The Count of Monte Fisto
The Prince of Punch
The Master of Disaster
The One and Only
Nationality
Residence
Occupation
Boxing Trainer (1982-1985)
Physical Description
Gender
Height
Weight
Eye colour
Hair colour
Boxing Statistics
Total fights
Wins by KO
Draws
Losses
Stance
Relationships
Family
Unnamed father
Unnamed mother
Unnamed daughter
Unnamed son
Lovers
Friends
Out of Universe
First appearance
Portrayed by
Film(s)
Creed is presented as the undisputed heavyweight world champion in Rocky, he was undefeated and had cleared out his division of challengers prior to his fight with Rocky Balboa, following his split-decision victory over Rocky, Creed challenges Rocky to a rematch in Rocky II, which he loses, losing his world championship and suffering his first career loss. Creed retires after this fight, but he returns to train his former foe, Balboa, in Rocky III following Rocky’s loss to Clubber Lang. Creed and Balboa bond over this time, becoming close friends. In Rocky IV, Creed decides to make a one-off return to the ring to fight a Soviet Union boxer by the name of Ivan Drago. The fight is billed as an exhibition, but unfortunately, Creed is knocked unconscious in the second round, resulting in his death
Contents
Appearance
Apollo has black hair and brown eyes.
Biography
Early Life
Apollo Creed was born on August 17th, 1942 in Los Angeles County, California, there isn’t much information regarding Creed’s childhood, but based off Creed’s bright intelligence, it is assumed that he had a good education and that his family was middle class. Creed began boxing in 1968 at the age of 26, it is revealed in the video game Rocky Legends that one of Creed’s earlier fights was against Tony «Duke» Evers, who at this time was an aging boxer. At the end of the fight, Creed approached Duke and mentioned how it would be good to have an experienced fighter managing his career and training him, Happy to be able to continue in boxing, Duke accepted the offer as manager and began training him at the Delphi Boxing Academy. In the coming years, Creed met and married Mary Anne, they had two children together, an unnamed daughter and unnamed son. It is revealed in Creed that Apollo had a relationship with another woman before getting married. The time of the fling was not exactly revealed, but it was assumed to be late 1984 or early 1985. Apollo died before discovering the existence of his third child, and a baby boy was born, named Adonis Johnson Creed.
Rocky
Discovering Rocky Balboa
Apollo Creed first appears as a charismatic, intelligent, and undefeated 33-year-old World Heavyweight Champion. A planned Bicentennial fight against number one contender Mac Lee Green was scheduled for January 1, 1976, which Apollo gladly hypes whenever someone places a microphone in front of him. However, Green hurts his left hand in training and the other top ranked contenders, such as Ernie Roman, Buddy Shaw (ranked fifth), are either busy or don’t believe that they can get into shape in time. Duke suggested he should fight Big Chuck Smith or Billy Snow, but Creed thought Smith was too dull, and Snow fouled too much. Unwilling to waste the time, effort and money he’s already invested in the fight, Creed comes up with a promotion that will generate huge publicity; he will offer an unknown local fighter an opportunity to battle Creed for the title, in a match in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Creed vs. Balboa
For the fight, Apollo dresses up like both George Washington and Uncle Sam in the pre-fight festivities (with his matching trademark «stars and stripes» boxing shorts) is in a jovial mood until Rocky knocks him down in the first round with a single uppercut; the first knock down Creed had ever suffered. He then endures a grueling 15-round fight with Balboa, who manages to get to his feet after Creed takes him down with an uppercut in the 14th round in what appears to be the end of the match. This was the first time anyone had ever taken the champion the full 15 rounds.
Rocky II
Challenging Rocky Balboa
Rocky and Creed at the press conference for their second fight.
Creed is first seen in the ER alongside Rocky and a flurry of press, Creed, going against his earlier stance, denounces the fight as a fluke and challenges Rocky to finish the fight right there, which nearly happens when both men get out of their wheelchairs and look ready to brawl, only to be restrained by hospital employees. Later, when everything has calmed down and he is alone, Rocky walks to Creed’s hospital bed. Balboa asks if Creed gave his all in the fight, and he wants the truth. Creed replies in the affirmative.
Creed training for the second fight.
Creed’s desire for a rematch with Balboa intensifies when it becomes clear that the prevailing public opinion is that Creed had either gotten lucky, or the judges were fixed in his favour. Duke tries to pacify Apollo that it was he who won by decision. Creed remains frustrated by the feeling that he didn’t truly ‘beat’ Balboa, and continues to be haunted by negative fan mail. Evers pleads with Creed to not fight Rocky again. His reason is that despite the horrific beating Rocky received from Creed, Balboa kept coming after him. Despite everyone imploring him not to press on, Creed is determined to correct his career’s only blemish and ignores their advice.
Rocky has married his girlfriend, Adrian, after recovering from the first fight, and is not keen on fighting again, especially given the disapproval of his doctor and Adrian. In the meantime, Rocky is having financial troubles. Although losing to Creed, Rocky was well rewarded. However, he squandered his purse on needed improvements to his life such as a house and a car, but also a nice jacket and watches for himself, Adrian and Paulie. Rocky hopes to capitalise on his newfound fame by shooting commercials, but this does not pan out. Rocky, still hoping to avoid fighting, attempts to get a professional job, but his lack of formal education limits his choices. Rocky decides he wants to fight again, but is discouraged by Mickey because of an injury to his eye in the first fight. It is not until Creed challenges Balboa to a second fight on Thanksgiving Day, 1976 using various humiliation tactics that Mickey decides to train Rocky for a second fight. Creed is far more serious at the press conference, assuring the press that he took the last fight lightly, but this time the world will see the best Apollo Creed, citing that he would «drop [Balboa] like a bad habit» and tells Rocky when he leaves «Come November, you’re mine!» In a press interview during training, he also insists that Rocky «cannot last five minutes in the ring with a superior athlete like me!» Creed plows through sparring partners and trains harder than ever before, with the intention of punishing Balboa for the embarrassment eleven months earlier.
Creed vs. Balboa II
Creed throwing a jab at Balboa
Unlike their first fight, Creed dominates Balboa throughout the second fight, managing to thwart Rocky’s strategy of fighting right-handed. Despite this, he is unable to make good on his promise of an early knockout victory, as Rocky absorbs his punches. By the final round, he is well ahead on points and Duke begs Apollo to go on the defensive, as he’ll win if he makes it to the end of the match; Apollo refuses, desperate to knock Rocky out rather than win on points. Apollo endures a substantial beating in later rounds, when it becomes apparent he cannot knock Balboa out, and Balboa begins landing his own punches on the tiring Creed. At the beginning of the 15th round, he tells Rocky, «You’re going down», to which Rocky replied, «No way». After going toe-to-toe for much of the final round, Creed is knocked down by a left from Balboa, with Balboa falling down in exhaustion as well. If neither got up, it would be a draw, keeping the title with Creed. Rocky is able to get up by the count of 9, but Creed is unable to pull himself up and is counted out, losing the match and the championship by knockout, his first professional loss. Apollo retires from boxing soon after. Even though he has lost, he gains his respect from the crowd back since it feels that he fought and lost in a fair fight. The fight also results in Creed finally acknowledging Balboa’s ability as a fighter, rather than seeing him as a fluke.
Rocky III
Training Rocky Balboa
Creed dishes out tough love as Rocky isn’t improving.
Apollo (39 years old) first appears at the first fight between James «Clubber» Lang, 23 years old, and Rocky Balboa, 34 years old, as a guest analyst, a match in which Lang defeats Rocky by KO in the second round. Before the match, the former champion Creed steps into the ring to greet the fighters. When he steps up to Lang, the latter slaps away Creed’s hand and mockingly and rudely insists that he «don’t want no has-been in my corner«. He further says, «You want to jump, Creed? Jump.» When Creed walks away stunned at this rude display from the belligerent challenger, Lang laughs at him and calls him a «chicken«. Creed then wishes Rocky luck, telling him to ‘give everyone a present’ and knock out Lang. Following the match, Rocky’s beloved manager Mickey dies.
Determined in part to put the disrespectful brute in his place, Creed finds Rocky at Mickey’s gym and they agree to have Apollo take over as Balboaβs manager. The pair travels to the ‘Tough Gym’ in Los Angeles, California where Creed used to train in preparation for a rematch with Balboa. Creed encourages Rocky not to ignore the naysayers that say he is too old, but instead refocus himself. During this talk, he states, «Now when we fought.. you had that eye of the tiger.» Creed tells Balboa that he will help him get it back. Creed mentions that Rocky will owe him «a big favour» once he wins, which he does not specify at first. Rocky’s training is geared toward making him quicker and more agile, to counter the larger, stronger brawler. Apollo teaches Rocky how to fight like himself. Rocky has trouble concentrating during his training, suffering from guilt over Mickey’s demise and self-doubt. Adrian helps Rocky recognize this as a simple fear of losing again and convinces him that he can’t let fear control his life and that he has to fight again, not to prove a point, but to live without fear.
Creed and Balboa celebrate as Rocky rediscovers his fire.
Rocky agrees and begins to put his fear aside. Creed helps Rocky rediscover the fire inside, which he had lost in the time leading up to the Lang fight, that had won him the title. Creed calls this fire the «eye of the tiger». Before the match begins, Creed expresses his confidence that Rocky will win. He gives Rocky his signature «colours» (Apollo’s stars and stripes boxing trunks) to wear during the fight (and tells him to wash them afterwards). Rocky dominated the first round, but the second round is to Clubber’s favour with Rocky barely landing any punches. Between the second and third rounds, Creed shouts at Rocky not to test Lang, but Rocky protests he knows what he is doing with the «rope-a-dope». During the third round, Lang is weakened from wasting all his strong punches on Rocky and is knocked out. Rocky wins the rematch and regains his title as Heavyweight Champion.
Third Fight against Balboa
Creed and Rocky both throw hooks in their third fight.
Rocky IV
Challenging Soviet Union Boxer Ivan Drago
Creed during his elaborate dance entrance.
In 1985, Apollo (43 years old) comes out of a five-year retirement to fight mammoth Soviet Olympic boxer Ivan Drago, who had come to the United States on behalf of the Soviet Union to enter the world of professional boxing. Not wanting the Soviets to appear superior to American fighters, and searching for a return to the limelight and the adoration of the public, the patriotic Apollo challenges Drago to an exhibition match, and calls out Drago at the press conference that sets up their exhibition bout at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada on August 31, 1985. Highlighted by a pre-match rendition of «Living in America» by James Brown, Apollo enters the arena from a descending scaffold overhead, dancing to the music in his old red, white, and blue Uncle Sam outfit. With Rocky, Duke and Paulie in his corner, Apollo was overly confident that he could dispense of Drago with ease. However, Apollo was not ready for the extreme size and strength of the Russian. After taunting the Russian and landing a number of ineffectual punches, Creed was pummelled badly in the first round. Rocky wanted to stop the fight but Apollo refused as Apollo told Rocky not to stop the fight «no matter what. no matter what!»
Death
Rocky holds a dying Creed in his arms as the press swarms.
By the start of the second round, Drago continued to pummel Creed with ease and Rocky again tries to stop the fight by throwing in the towel. Apollo told Rocky not to stop the fight, which gives Drago a chance to deliver a blow (as Rocky dropped the towel) that unfortunately killed Apollo, who died in Rocky’s arms in the middle of the ring. Rocky then sets out to avenge Apollo’s death by beating Drago in the Soviet Union with the Soviet premier and the Politburo looking on. He succeeds as the film ends with Rocky Balboa winning the fight by knockout in the last round.
Rocky Balboa
Legacy
One of many photos on the restaurant wall at Adrian’s
In 2006 (Rocky Balboa), Rocky is seen paying tribute to Apollo by telling customers at his restaurant stories about his friendship and fights with him. During the commentary before the Rocky vs Mason Dixon fight, a montage of Rocky’s opponents was shown which included his two fights against Apollo.
Creed
Illegitimate Son Adonis Johnson Creed
Adonis Creed in a youth facility.
In 2015 (Creed), it has been revealed that Apollo had an affair sometime before meeting Mary Anne, and from that, Adonis Johnson Creed was born. After his biological mother’s death in the late ’90s, Mary Anne Creed (Apollo’s widow) adopts him. At a young age, not only does he possess the boxing skills of his father, but also his fiery temper. Years later, presumed to be a well-educated young man, Adonis leaves his job to pursue a full-time career in boxing. He first seeks tutelage from Duke’s son, Little Duke, who runs the Delphi Boxing Academy, the gym that Apollo was trained at. Little Duke refuses to work with Adonis to ensure his safety. Adonis, to his mother’s dismay, moves to Philadelphia to seek out Rocky Balboa. While meeting up at Adrian’s, Rocky is surprised when Adonis mentions a third fight between him and Apollo that happened behind closed doors, presenting himself to be Apollo’s son. Rocky compliments his father’s boxing ability and reveals that Apollo won their third match.
Adonis trains with Rocky Balboa
When the word got out that Adonis is Apollo’s illegitimate son, the media heavily publicised the story of his infidelity, which catches the eye of the trainer for the reigning light-heavyweight champion, «Pretty» Ricky Conlan. Both parties would want the fight to happen, however, on the condition that Adonis would assume his actual name instead of his mother’s last name, Johnson, to which he agrees, similar to Apollo’s desire to select Rocky due to his nickname: «The Italian Stallion». Leading up to the fight, Rocky has been diagnosed with cancer, which greatly impacts Adonis’ behaviour, including being incarcerated for the night after a brawl at a club. While Rocky visits him in jail, Adonis angrily blames him for his father’s death, while Rocky tries to calm him down and understand Apollo, who isn’t there to defend himself. After getting his mind straight, Adonis makes a pact with Rocky that they would both fight their respective battles together.
Adonis opening a gift from Mary Anne, a modern version of Apollo’s boxing trunks
In Liverpool, Adonis receives a gift from Mary Anne; boxing trunks that heavily resembles his father’s trunks, who he passed to Rocky, who he passed to Tommy «The Machine» Gunn. The fight presents many parallels to Rocky and Apollo’s original fight, with Adonis assuming his trainer’s role. Conlan presents an unrelenting attack on Adonis, in which he knocks him down. After a less than stellar introductory round, Adonis finally manages a right hook strong enough to cut Conlan by surprise. In the eleventh round, after an intense flurry, Conlan manages a strong shot that seemingly knocked Adonis unconscious, however Adonis sees visions of his relationship with his girlfriend and Rocky’s ailing composure, but finally wakes up after seeing a vision of his father in his prime, which baffles Conlan and the audience.
Adonis lives up to the Creed Legacy
Adonis (Apollo’s son) wearing the famous USA trunks.
Before the final round, Rocky is adamant on stopping the fight to save Adonis from the long-term effects of his injuries, a decision he contemplated 30 years after Apollo’s death. However, Adonis wants to continue to fight to prove that he is not «a mistake». After the revelation, Rocky tells Adonis that, though he’s never had the chance to thank Apollo for stepping in when Mickey died, it does not match what he’s done for him and that he loves him. In the closing seconds of the fight, Adonis finally unleashes a style that is comparable to his father’s and Rocky’s and manages to knock down Conlan for the first time in his career. A split decision determines Conlan the winner of the fight, and gives Adonis the ultimate respect, telling him that he’s «the future of this division». During the post-fight interview, HBO Boxing analyst Max Kellerman asks Adonis what he would like to say to his father, to which Adonis tearfully says that he loves him and he knows he didn’t leave him on purpose, in which he concludes the interview saying he’s «proud to be a Creed».
Creed II
Personality and Traits
As Apollo Creed’s fighting style is reminiscent of Muhammad Ali, so is his personality. Creed is charismatic, quick-witted, and a wisecracker, usually rhyming his words and insults like Ali. Creed was viewed as cocky, but confident, always trash talking his opponents with a smile and then outclassing them in the ring. Creed has every right to be overly-confident because of his perfect record.
Creed is known for his quick wits, he is able to spin together a few words and insult his opponent. An example is when Ivan Drago doesn’t answer a question and Creed says «The man’s tongue didn’t make it through customs!»
Another big character trait is Apollo’s pride as a boxer. Perhaps as a result of being an undefeated champion or the desire to prove himself, Apollo will never back down from a challenge and give up on anything he sets his mind to. While this his earned him the world title, fame, and wealth it was also directly responsible for his larges mistakes and defeats. When he first fight’s Rocky, he doesn’t take him seriously at all which causes him to get downed in the first round when Rocky catches him off guard. Since he also hadn’t trained properly for their first match, he wasn’t conditioned well enough and the hit to his stamina allowed Rocky to almost beat him and at the least push the match to decision, something that never happened to Apollo before. Even against Duke’s warnings about how dangerous Rocky was Apollo was driven by his pride to fight Rocky again and prove the first match was just a fluke. In their second match, while he had trained hard and thoroughly prepared for their bout, Apollo’s pride sabotaged him again as he wouldn’t be satisfied unless he knocked Rocky out. Instead of maintaining his distance and taking points to win cleanly by decision, he stayed close to Rocky and tried to go toe-to-toe with him in order to beat him with combinations and a KO. While Apollo was avoiding most of Rocky’s punches in the beginning, as he wore down in the later rounds he started to take serious damage from Rocky’s power punches to the point where he could barely move around the ring and was ultimately knocked out. The worst instance of pride ultimately lead to his demise when he challenged Ivan Drago and refused to let Rocky throw in the towel which resulted in a severe beating that later killed Apollo.
Boxing Style
Because the original film was released in 1976 during the reign of Muhammad Ali, it is reasonable to assume that, with Ali being considered the quintessential boxer by having defeated some of the best of the time, Creed was based largely on him, although his public image is more in the vein of Sugar Ray Leonard or Joe Louis.
Like Ali, Apollo was an outside fighter, relying on his speed and power to get through fights. His jab-cross-hook combination were his mainstay, and also just like Ali, Creed’s defence was heavily contingent upon his speed. Apollo used Ali’s «float like a butterfly, sting like a bee» philosophy, being able to bob and weave and frustrate his opponents. A notable difference was that though Creed had Ali’s unorthodox hand positioning, he ducked, bobbed and weaved in the classic style, as opposed to Ali who preferred to move backwards, in contradiction to boxing’s basic tenets, but with a delightful degree of success. Perhaps the reason for this was that only Ali could do be that unorthodox and look convincing; where most boxing instructors would tell you that you can’t land a punch when you’re retreating backwards, Ali did that too with alarming regularity.
But just like Ali, Creed was susceptible to taking a lot of damage during fights because of the level at which he held his hands, a fact which ultimately proved to be his undoing. By the second film, he also has the bolo punch (wind up one fist and punch with the other) in his arsenal, which seems to be a result of the punch being used by then welterweight champion Sugar Ray Leonard. This punch, originated by Ceferino Garcia, a world middleweight champion hailing from Philippines, is a variation of the feint. One of the fists is winded up in rather spectacular fashion; the catch there is that the opponent may expect a punch from this hand or, sensing a trap, from the other. Whichever hand the opponent focuses on, the aggressor here may easily throw the other. This is more of a humiliating, crowd pleasing punch. A clear example was seen in the now famous no mas bout between welterweights Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto ‘Hands of Stone’ Duran.
In Rocky a reporter asked him if it was a coincidence that he was fighting a white man on the most celebrated day in our country’s history; to which Apollo replied, «I don’t know about that. Is it a coincidence that he’s fighting a black man on the most celebrated day in our country’s history?»